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Chapter 3 Checklist for the Chemistry-First Version of
An Introduction to Chemistry by Mark Bishop

   

 Read the Review Skills section. If there is any skill mentioned that you have not yet mastered, review the material on that topic before reading the present chapter.

 Read the chapter quickly before the lecture that describes it.

 Attend class meetings, take notes, and participate in class discussions.

 Work the Chapter Exercises, perhaps using the Chapter Examples as guides.

 Study the Chapter Glossary.

 Study all of the Chapter 3 Objectives. You might want to write a description of how you will meet each objective. (Although it is best to master all of the objectives, the following objectives are especially important because they pertain to skills that you will need while studying other chapters of this text: 3, 4, 8, 9, 13‑16, 21-28, 30, 31, 34, 35, and 37.)

 Reread Sample Study Sheet 3.1: Classification of Matter and decide whether you will use it or some variation on it to complete the task it describes.

 Memorize the following. Be sure to check with your instructor to determine how much you are expected to know of the following.

The usual numbers of covalent bonds and lone pairs for the nonmetallic elements.

C - 4 bonds and no lone pairs

N, P - 3 bonds and 1 lone pair

O, S, Se - 2 bonds and 2 lone pairs

F, Cl, Br, I - 1 bond and 3 lone pairs

H - 1 bond and no lone pairs

Names and formulas of some binary covalent compounds.

water, H2O

ammonia, NH3

methane, CH4

ethane, C2H6

propane, C3H8

Prefixes

1, mon(o)-

2, di-

3, tri-

4, tetr(a)-

6, hex(a)-

5, pent(a)-

7, hept(a)-

8, oct(a)-

9, non(a)-

10, dec(a)-

Roots of nonmetallic elements

C, carb-

N, nitr-

O, ox-

F, fluor-

P, phosph-

S, sulf-,

Cl, chlor-

As, arsen-

Se, selen-

Br, brom-

I, iod-

Charges on monatomic ions

 Image of a periodic table showing the charges on many of the monatomic ions: +1 for group 1, +2 for group 2, +3 for group 3, +2 or +3 for iron, +1 or +2 for copper, +1 for silver, +2 for zinc, +2 for cadmium, +3 for aluminum, -1 for hydrogen, -3 for nitrogen and phosphorus in group 15, -2 for oxygen, sulfur and selenium in group 16, and -1 for the halogens in group 17.

 

Names and formulas for polyatomic ions

NH4+, ammonium

PO43-, phosphate

SO42-, sulfate

OH-, hydroxide

NO3-, nitrate

C2H3O2-, acetate

CO32-, carbonate

 Learn how to use a periodic table to classify the elements with respect to the following categories:

Groups 1 to 18

Groups 1A to 8A

Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, and noble gases

Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids

Representative (main‑group) elements, transition metals, and inner transition metals

Periods 1 to 7

Solids, liquids, or gases at room temperature

 To get a review of the most important topics in the chapter, fill in the blanks in the Key Ideas section.

 Work all of the selected problems at the end of the chapter, and check your answers with the solutions provided in this chapter of the study guide.

 Ask for help if you need it.